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Before you begin, create a backup copy of the virtual disk so that you can restore it in case of failures. Extending a virtual disk can be a complex operations for several reasons, e.g.,:

• The virtual disk that is full happens to contain the boot/primary partition for Windows
• There are snapshots
• There is insufficient disk space available on the physical drive to permit growth
• It is a multi step process and involves use of different tools and commands in a specific sequence.

You’ll find several posts regarding this topic on Google. Essentially, they are all variations of the following posts:

1. Tutorial to extend boot/system partition using EASEUS Partition Master for dynamic and fixed VHD’s
2. VHD Utility can be used for extending file system partitions for dynamic and fixed VHD’s.
3. Microsoft is offering a free VHD tool, including its source code, which is an unmanaged code command-line tool that provides useful functions, e.g.,

Create a new 10 GB fixed VHD:
VhdTool.exe /create "c:\Program Files\MyApp\foo.vhd" 10737418240

Convert an existing flat image file into a VHD & do not output status to the command line. VhdTool.exe /convert bar.img /quiet

Extend an existing fixed format VHD to a larger size.
VhdTool.exe /extend foo.vhd 21474836480

Repair a Hyper-V snapshot chain broken by expanding the base VHD.
VhdTool.exe /repair base.vhd base_EF2F9402-E85B-402F-A979-631CB287C2C4.avhd

4. Tutorial for resizing a virtual disk using VHD Resizer
5. Expanding Virtual Hard Disks with Hyper-V